Boat Licences in Spain: Types and Requirements

BOATING LICENCES IN SPAIN – QUICK GUIDE

In Spain you normally need a nautical licence to skipper a leisure boat. Which licence depends on the boat’s length, engine power and how far you plan to sail from the coast.

For very small craft (under 6 m and up to 15 hp) you can usually go without a licence if you stay within about 2 nautical miles of shore. Anything bigger or faster requires the correct certificate.

WHEN A LICENCE IS USUALLY REQUIRED

- Powerboats: licence needed if the boat is over 5 m long OR the engine exceeds 11.26 kW (≈ 15 hp)

- Sailing boats: licence needed if the hull is longer than 6 m OR the auxiliary engine exceeds 15 hp

- Jet-skis / personal watercraft: licence required for every size and power rating

MAIN LEISURE-BOATING LICENCES (from basic to advanced)

1. Basic Navigation Skipper – GNP / PNB

• Boats up to 8 m, limited coastal zone, daylight only

2. Recreational Boat Skipper – PER

• Boats up to 12 m, can sail further offshore

3. Yacht Skipper

• Larger sailing or motor yachts, longer offshore passages

4. Yacht Captain

• Highest grade for large, complex yachts under sail or power

WHAT YOU NEED TO GET A LICENCE

- Minimum age: usually 16 (parental consent if under 18)

- Medical certificate: similar to a driver’s-licence health check

- Training: mandatory theory + practical sessions (hours vary by licence)

- Examination: theory test for the higher grades

- Fees: payable for course, exam and licence issue

WHERE TO TRAIN

Authorised nautical schools operate nationwide. Check local centres or sites such as spainboatlicense.com or Offshore Marbella for dates and prices.

KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER

- Distance limits: without a licence you are confined to a short in-shore band; each certificate extends that range

- Daylight restrictions: entry-level licences may limit you to daylight hours

- Foreign qualifications: many international tickets are recognised, but confirm the rules for your situation

With the right paperwork you can explore Spain’s coastline both safely and legally.